If Facebook is starting to take over your life, maybe your genes are partly to blame.

Researchers from UC San Diego and Harvard University have shown that certain aspects of a person’s social network – how many people consider that person a friend, the likelihood that two of a person’s friends are themselves friends, and how central a person is to their network of friends – have a genetic basis. The results, published online yesterday in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, have led to the development of a new model of social interactions and could someday help scientists understand how diseases and traits like obesity, smoking and happiness spread through a population.

James Fowler, Christopher Dawes and Nicholas Christakis studied the social networks of 1,110 sets of twins from 142 separate school friendship networks and compared the similarity in friendship patterns between identical twins, who share 100% of their genes, and same-sex fraternal twins, who share about 50% of their genes. The assumption of this type of study is that if genetic variation contributes to variation in a trait, then pairs of identical twins will be more similar to each another with respect to that trait compared to pairs of fraternal twins.

The researchers found that three measures of connectedness are heritable:

1. How many times a person is named as a friend
2. The likelihood of a person’s friends also being connected to each other directly
3. The tendency of a person to be along the shortest path between pairs of their friends

The number of friends people say they have, however, did not appear to have a genetic basis.

The researchers then created a large number of simulations based on existing ideas about how human social networks form. When they observed that none of these simulated networks exhibited the same kind of heritability they saw in their real human networks, they invented a simple model they dubbed “Attract and Introduce.”

A model is simply a mathematical system that attempts to reproduce something seen in the real world based on a limited number of inputs. Every “person” in the Attract and Introduce model of social networks is given just two characteristics – a certain amount of attractiveness, which will determine how many friend nominations he or she will receive, and a certain a propensity for making introductions between new and existing friends, which will determine the number of friends who are friends with each other. The heritability predictions produced by the Attract and Introduce model fit well with what was seen in the twin study. This suggests that their model may capture important features of how real human social networks form that existing models do not.

“There may be many reasons for genetic variation in the ability to attract or the desire to introduce friends. More friends may mean greater social support in some settings or greater conflict in others. Having denser social connections may improve group solidarity, but it might also insulate a group from beneficial influence or information from individuals outside the group,” the authors write.

Although more research will be needed to explore whether the findings in this study and the model developed apply to all people regardless of age, geography or other factors that could affect the interactions between people, this type of research has important implications. Understanding how people come together and interact could be used to predict or control the spread of communicable disease. The authors also note that their own previous research has shown that obesity, smoking behavior, happiness, and even political behavior spread in social networks.

“A full understanding of these traits may require a better understanding of the genetic basis of social network topology,” they suggest.

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For years I believed that every Mexican restaurant my family took me to had some kind of problem with their dishwashing machine. Why else would the food always taste like soap? No one around me seemed to notice, so I just assumed that everyone else liked the taste of dirty dishwater in their food.

Fast-forward several years to college: I’m at dinner with some friends, and a girl named Alice asks the waiter “Could you not put cilantro on that? It tastes like soap to me.”

I was so excited. Not only had I found someone who had experienced the soapy food phenomenon, I now had an answer for what was causing it: Cilantro.

It turns out that Alice and I aren’t so special. There are lots of people who hate cilantro. Some, like us, think it tastes like soap. Others think it tastes like doll hair, stinkbugs, or burnt rubber. (See ihatecilantro.com for a long and colorful list of descriptors, as well as stories from fellow cilantro-haters).

There’s some evidence that hating cilantro (or as I like to think of it, realizing how gross cilantro truly is) is genetic. One study found that identical twins (who share 100% of their genes) are more likely to have the same opinion of cilantro compared to fraternal twins.

Could there be a SNP that explains why I hate cilantro but my husband loves it, just as there are SNPs behind my wet earwax and ability to drink milk with no lactose intolerance problems? This is the kind of question we hope 23andWe can answer.

By taking 23andWe surveys, customers can help us advance scientific research. We’ve already asked about which hand and eye they use more, whether they’ve ever had any cavities, and of course, whether they can smell anything in their pee after they eat asparagus. In the coming months, there’ll be plenty more surveys. And as we move forward, we’ll also be asking about more serious traits related to health and disease risk.

23andWe is consumer-enabled research (CER™). So we want to ask you, our customers and potential customers: What do you want to know about? Do you have a particular preference that you suspect is determined by your genes? Have you always wondered if some distinctive family characteristic is due to nature or nurture? Leave us a comment!

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